A comfortable indoor climate is crucial for our well -being and our health. The air humidity and air temperature play a central role. While the correct combination of these factors gives a feeling of comfort and satisfaction, an imbalance can lead to health problems and discomfort.
Basics of the air humidity
Relative air humidity (RH): The relative humidity refers to the ratio of the current water vapor content of the air to the maximum water vapor capacity at a certain temperature, expressed in percent. A relative humidity of 50% means that the air contains 50% of the maximum amount of water that it can keep at the current temperature.
Absolute humidity: The absolute humidity indicates the actual amount of water vapor in the air, expressed in grams per cubic meter (g/m³). This unit of measurement is independent of the temperature and gives a precise idea of the amount of water in the air.
dew point: The dew point is the temperature in which the air is saturated and the water vapor condenses into water. This value is important to avoid condensation problems that can lead to mold formation and material damage.
Fundamentals of the air temperature
Air temperature: The air temperature is a measure of the heat or cold of the air. It has a direct impact on our heat sensation and is crucial for the well -being indoors.
Connection between air temperature and humidity: The temperature influences the ability of the air to keep moisture. Warm air can absorb more water vapor than cold air. Therefore, the relative humidity at higher temperatures is usually lower than at lower temperatures.
Influences on the perceived temperature: Factors such as air movement and surface temperatures influence our temperature sensation. Air movement, for example, can create a cooler feeling, while warm surfaces increase the perceived temperature.
Ideal values for a cozy indoor climate
In general, room temperatures between 17 and 24 ° C are perceived as pleasant by the majority of people. Nevertheless, the personal temperature sensation varies individually, and age also plays an important role here. For example, toddlers and older people usually prefer a somewhat warmer ambient temperature. In addition, the perception of the temperature is strongly influenced by the humidity. A room that looks comfortable at 20 ° C and about 60% air humidity can be perceived as uncomfortably moist in 80% humidity.
Every person feels different temperatures. As a guide, the relative humidity in living rooms should ideally be around 50%. Since the different rooms are heated differently depending on the use and the moisture in the kitchen and bathroom is usually higher than in the remaining living areas, this ideal value can vary:
|
Space
|
Optimal humidity
|
Optimal temperature
|
|---|---|---|
|
Living and study (office)
|
40 – 60 %
|
20 ° C
|
|
Bedroom
|
40 – 60 %
|
16 - 18 ° C
|
|
nursery
|
40 – 60 %
|
20 - 22 ° C
|
|
Kitchen
|
50 – 60 %
|
18 ° C
|
|
bathroom
|
50 – 70 %
|
23 ° C
|
|
cellar
|
50 – 65 %
|
10 - 15 ° C
|
In order to measure the room air moisture quickly and precisely, the use of a hygrometer is recommended. The measurement should be carried out in well -ventilated and heated rooms in order to achieve meaningful results.
Influence factors on air humidity and air temperature
Outside climate and seasons: The external weather conditions directly influence the interior conditions. In winter, interiors tend to be drier, while in summer a higher humidity can prevail.
Construction and insulation of buildings: Good insulation helps to keep the interior air temperature and moisture stable. Poor insulation can lead to moisture problems and heat loss.
Heating and cooling systems, ventilation technology: Efficient heating and cooling systems as well as good ventilation are crucial for the control of the indoor climate. Modern systems can automatically maintain the optimal combination of temperature and moisture.
Household activities: Activities such as cooking, showering and washing create moisture and can influence the indoor climate.
Measurement and monitoring of air humidity and temperature
Measuring devices: Interior thermometer The temperature while hygrometer determine the relative humidity. There are also a number of moisture measuring devices, which, in addition to moisture, also reliably capture the temperature.
Placement of the measuring devices: In order to obtain precise measurement results, measuring devices should be placed in central and representative locations in the room, far from direct heat sources and drafts.
Smart home technologies: Modern smart home systems offer the possibility of continuously monitoring and adapting air humidity and temperature. These technologies can help ensure an optimal indoor climate.
Measures to optimize the indoor climate
Humidifier and dehumidifier: The use of humidifiers can help if air is too dry, while dehumidifiers remove excess moisture.
Efficient use of heating and cooling systems: The systems should be maintained and optimized regularly to work efficiently and achieve the desired indoor climate.
Correct ventilation: Regular ventilation is important to let in fresh air and remove excess moisture. Shake ventilation is usually more effective than permanently tilted windows.
Use of plants: Houseplants can help regulate the air humidity because they absorb and submit moisture.
Typical errors and how to avoid them
Error when installing measuring devices
- Unfavorable placement: Hygrometer and thermometer should not be set up in the immediate vicinity of radiators, air conditioning systems or windows, as this can lead to falsified measured values. Instead, it is advisable to place the devices at an equal footing on an inner wall, far from drafts and direct sunlight.
- Wrong attachment height: The position of the measuring devices should be representative of the air area where people are in. A height between 1.5 m and 2 m is usually ideal.
- Missing calibration: Measuring devices should be checked and calibrated regularly to ensure your accuracy. An uncalved device can provide misleading values that can lead to incorrect conclusions.
False ventilation
- Permanently tilted windows: Permanent ventilation through tilted windows can lead to unnecessary heat loss in winter and to an increased penetration of external moisture in summer. Instead, shot ventilation is more effective for 5-10 minutes.
- Avoidance of cross ventilation: In order to ensure efficient air exchange, cross ventilation should ideally be created, in which windows are opened on the opposite sides of the room or the apartment.
- Too rare ventilation: Especially in moisture -intensive rooms such as the kitchen and bathroom, care should be taken to ventilate regularly and sufficiently to prevent mold formation.
Over- and under heating
- Too high temperatures: Overcepted rooms can dry out the air and lead to an unpleasant indoor climate. An optimal room temperature of around 20-22 ° C ensures a pleasant climate.
- Too low temperatures: The relative humidity can increase too cold rooms, which in turn can promote mold formation. A balance should be found especially in bedrooms to stay both comfortably and healthy.
Neglect of room air quality
- No plants: Home plants can have a positive impact on the indoor climate due to their transparent moisture. Examples of suitable plants are archery, single leaf and green lily.
- Excessive use of space humidifiers and dehumidifiers: These devices should be used carefully. A covered or discharge of the room can lead to health problems and material damage. It is advisable to regularly check the air humidity and regulate the devices accordingly.
Air temperature and Air humidity indoors are decisive factors for a cozy indoor climate. Regular review and adaptation of these conditions can help to avoid health problems and increase living comfort. Use modern technologies and proven methods to ensure the optimal indoor climate and adapt your measures to the seasonal and individual needs. A comfortable indoor climate is essential for our well -being. With this guide you are well equipped to optimally design your living rooms and to control the indoor climate according to your needs.
